Peer-reviewed veterinary case report
Blood test ratios linked to gum disease stages in Portuguese Podengo
By Carolina Silva et al.·Published in Veterinary Sciences·2024·Department of Veterinary Sciences, School of Agricultural and Veterinary Sciences (ECAV), University of Trás-os-Montes e Alto Douro (UTAD), Quinta de Prados, 5000-801 Vila Real, Portugal, CH·View original on DOAJ →
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Original publication title: Evaluation of Haematological Ratios at: Different Stages of Canine Periodontal Disease
- Species:
- dog
Plain-English summary
A group of Portuguese Podengo dogs was studied to understand how blood test results relate to different stages of gum disease, specifically gingivitis and periodontitis. The researchers found that certain blood ratios, like the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio and platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio, were lower in dogs with gum disease compared to healthy dogs. However, these blood tests alone were not enough to accurately diagnose the severity of the disease. The findings suggest that while some blood markers can indicate inflammation from gum disease, more research is needed to improve diagnosis methods.
People also search for: dog gum disease symptoms · Portuguese Podengo periodontal disease · dog blood test results for gingivitis
Abstract
This is a retrospective study about haematological ratios in different stages of canine periodontal disease in one single breed, more specifically the Portuguese Podengo. The aim of the study was to assess the clinical significance of five haematological ratios, namely neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), mean platelet volume-to-platelet count ratio (MPV/PLT), monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio (MLR), and platelet-to-neutrophil ratio (PNR), easily obtained through the parameters provided by the complete blood count, in the stages of gingivitis and periodontitis, compared to clinical healthy individuals. Receiver operating characteristic curves were generated to identify ideal sensitivity and specificity cut-offs for cases of gingivitis or periodontitis. Our study included 80 dogs, which comprised 24 healthy dogs, 26 diagnosed with gingivitis, and 30 with periodontitis. The median NLR was significantly lower in periodontitis than in clinical healthy dogs (<i>p</i> = 0.040) and in dogs with gingivitis (<i>p</i> = 0.037). The median PLR was significantly lower in cases of gingivitis (<i>p</i> = 0.020) and periodontitis (<i>p</i> = 0.024) than in healthy dogs. MPV/PLT and MLR did not demonstrate significant differences between any of the three groups. The median PNR was significantly lower in gingivitis than in control dogs (<i>p</i> = 0.019). PNR had the highest accurate results, in distinguishing between healthy individuals and those with gingivitis, with an area under the curve of 0.692 (95% CI [0.539–0.845], <i>p</i> = 0.020). However, even this index had weak discriminatory power between the groups in the analysis. The impact of systemic inflammation generated by canine periodontal disease can thus be seen through some of these indices. However, the results obtained here demonstrate the need for complementarity with other methods to diagnose canine periodontal disease and reinforce the need for additional studies with more markers of systemic inflammatory response.
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Search related cases →Original publication on DOAJ: https://doi.org/10.3390/vetsci11110581