Peer-reviewed veterinary case report
Anesthesia with oxymorphone or hydromorphone in dogs with low blood
By Machado, Carmen G et al.·Published in American journal of veterinary research·2005·Department of Veterinary Clinics, Brazil·View original on PubMed →
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Original publication title: Evaluation of induction by use of a combination of oxymorphone and diazepam or hydromorphone and diazepam and maintenance of anesthesia by use of isoflurane in dogs with experimentally induced hypovolemia.
- Species:
- dog
Plain-English summary
Six healthy mixed-breed dogs were used in a study to compare two anesthesia induction methods: one using hydromorphone and diazepam, and the other using oxymorphone and diazepam. Both methods were effective in inducing anesthesia quickly, allowing the dogs to be intubated within a minute after the second dose. While both combinations were safe for dogs with low blood volume (hypovolemia), the hydromorphone combination did lower heart rates and caused some respiratory depression. The addition of glycopyrrolate, a medication often used to increase heart rate, did not provide any benefits in this case.
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To compare induction with hydromorphone and diazepam (HydroD) or oxymorphone and diazepam (OxyD) followed by maintenance with isoflurane in dogs with induced hypovolemia. ANIMALS: 6 healthy mixed-breed dogs. PROCEDURE: The study used a crossover design. Measurements were obtained in normovolemic dogs during isoflurane. Hypovolemia was induced (blood loss of 30 mL/kg) and measurements repeated following recovery from anesthesia, after HydroD (hydromorphone, 0.1 mg/kg; diazepam, 0.2 mg/kg; i.v.) or OxyD (oxymorphone, 0.05 mg/kg; diazepam, 0.2 mg/kg; i.v.), after another dose of the same opioid, during administration of isoflurane (end-tidal concentration, 0.9%), and after glycopyrrolate (0.01 mg/kg, i.v.). Significant changes were identified. RESULTS: Induction effect was evident within 1 minute. All dogs were intubated after the second dose of opioid. No significant differences were found between inductions. The HydroD decreased heart rate (mean +/- SEM, -41 +/- 9.8 beats/min), whereas both inductions increased stroke index (0.4 +/- 0.09 mL/kg/beat) and caused moderate respiratory depression. Cardiac index was decreased (-30.2 +/- 6.04 mL/kg/min) and there was minor metabolic acidosis during isoflurane following HydroD, compared with values for anesthetized normovolemic dogs. Glycopyrrolate increased heart rate (50 +/- 8.6 beats/min) and decreased systolic blood pressure (-23.2 +/- 4.87 mm Hg) in dogs induced with HydroD and decreased stroke index (-0.3 +/- 0.08 mL/kg/beat) for both inductions. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Similar effects were detected after administration of HydroD or OxyD in hypovolemic dogs. Either combination should be safe for use in hypovolemic dogs. Administration of glycopyrrolate was not beneficial.
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Search related cases →Original publication on PubMed: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/16111163/