Evaluation of neurobiochemical and behavioral responses to carvone nanoemulsion: A neuroprotective approach for Alzheimer's disease-associated dementia in a rat model.

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Antioxidant supplements have emerged as promising strategies to mitigate the impact of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and associated dementia. We explored the neuroprotective potential of Carvone nanoemulsion (CANO) using a rat model of AD-associated dementia. METHOD: Our experimental groups comprised non-AD control rats (CON), untreated AD rats (AD), and AD rats treated with CANO at two different dosages: 40&#xa0;mg/kg (CANO40) and 80&#xa0;mg/kg (CANO80). We assessed various behavioral parameters, malondialdehyde (MDA) and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) levels,ferric-reducing ability of plasma (FRAP). RESULTS: AD induction caused a significant reduction in step-through latency (P&#xa0;<&#xa0;0.001), center time (P&#xa0;<&#xa0;0.001), the number of visits (P&#xa0;<&#xa0;0.001), and total distance traveled (P&#xa0;<&#xa0;0.001), time spent in open arms (P&#xa0;<&#xa0;0.001), and both FRAP (P&#xa0;<&#xa0;0.001) and BDNF levels (P&#xa0;<&#xa0;0.001) in comparison to the CON group, while elevating escape latency, time in target zone and platform location latency, and MDA levels (P&#xa0;<&#xa0;0.001). Treatment with CANO, particularly at the CANO80 dosage, significantly improved these parameters compared to the AD group, resulting in decreased time in the target zone (P&#xa0;<&#xa0;0.001), escape latency (P&#xa0;<&#xa0;0.001), and platform location latency (P&#xa0;<&#xa0;0.001) and higher FRAP (P&#xa0;<&#xa0;0.05) and BDNF levels (P&#xa0;<&#xa0;0.05), along with decreased MDA levels (P&#xa0;<&#xa0;0.05). CONCLUSION: CANO, especially at the 80&#xa0;mg/kg dosage, shows promise in alleviating symptoms associated with AD-associated dementia. However, further research is warranted to validate and expand upon these findings.