Peer-reviewed veterinary case report
Quality of esophagus biopsies from dogs during endoscopy
By Münster, M et al.Ā·Published in Tierarztliche Praxis. Ausgabe K, Kleintiere/HeimtiereĀ·2013Ā·Dr. Michael Mü, GermanyĀ·View original on PubMed ā
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Original publication title: Evaluation of the quality of endoscopically obtained esophageal biopsies in the dog.
- Species:
- dog
Plain-English summary
A group of 58 dogs with esophageal or gastrointestinal symptoms underwent upper gastrointestinal endoscopy to collect biopsies from the esophagus. The goal was to see if the biopsies taken from the gastro-esophageal junction (where the esophagus meets the stomach) were of good quality for diagnosis. The results showed that 45 of the dogs had adequately sampled biopsies, and some of these biopsies revealed issues like inflammation and fibrosis in the esophagus. This means that with proper technique, vets can obtain useful biopsy samples during endoscopy to help diagnose esophageal problems in dogs.
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE: An important premise for obtaining diagnostically relevant histology specimens is an appropriate biopsy technique. Goal of this study was to determine if biopsies of adequate quality can be obtained from the canine esophagus at the gastro-esophageal junction (GEJ) during routine upper gastrointestinal endoscopy. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Over the course of one year, 58 dogs undergoing upper gastrointestinal endoscopy because of the presence of esophageal (n = 22) or gastrointestinal (n = 36) clinical signs were prospectively included. Five biopsies were repeatedly collected from the same dorsal and ventral locations of the GEJ, fixated individually in 4% neutral buffered formaldehyde, and evaluated histopathologically after standard preparation and haematoxylin and eosin staining. The presence of esophageal squamous epithelium with a basal cell layer and lamina propria mucosae in conjunction with foveolar columnar epithelium and cardiac glands, and the absence of fundic glands in one specimen, respectively, was judged as an adequately sampled biopsy. RESULTS: Adequately sampled biopsies were reported in 45 out of 58 dogs, with 31 samples originating from the dorsal GEJ, 36 samples originating from the ventral GEJ, and with 22 samples originating from both sites, respectively. The incidence of adequately sampled biopsies increased significantly over time (r = 0,22; p < 0,05), with these biopsies being reported significantly more often during the last 6 months compared to the first 6 months of the study (p = 0,03). Histopathological evaluation of the esophageal squamous epithelium showed fibrosis, inflammation, elongation of the stromal papillae, and increased thickness of the basal cell layers in 14 out of 58 dogs. Stromal papillae of the ventral esophageal epithelium were significantly elongated in dogs with esophageal clinical signs compared to dogs with gastrointestinal clinical signs (p = 0,03). CONCLUSION AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: After an initial learning phase adequate esophageal biopsies from the GEJ can be obtained in canine patients undergoing upper gastrointestinal endoscopy, and histological lesions can be found in these biopsies.
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Search related cases āOriginal publication on PubMed: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24326877/