Peer-reviewed veterinary case report
Sudden bulging eyes in golden retriever and shepherd dogs
By Azoulay, T & Jongh, O·Published in Journal francais d'ophtalmologie·2011·Service d'ophtalmologie, France·View original on PubMed →
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Original publication title: [Extraocular myositis and comparative pathology: two case reports in the dog].
- Species:
- dog
Plain-English summary
A 3-year-old female golden retriever and a 5-year-old male Australian shepherd were brought in for sudden bulging eyes, known as exophthalmos. Both dogs showed no signs of pain, and tests revealed inflammation in the muscles around their eyes. The veterinarians treated them with steroids, which quickly improved their condition. This condition, called extraocular myositis, is more common in female golden retrievers, and while the exact cause is still unknown, it seems to be related to immune system issues.
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Abstract
Two cases of extraocular myositis in dogs are reported in a golden retriever and an Australian shepherd. This condition is characterized by sudden bilateral exophthalmos, the absence of pain and third eyelid protrusion, orbital sonography showing the enlargement of extraocular muscles, and a quick response to systemic steroids at an anti-inflammatory dose. The literature review reports a breed predisposition in the golden retriever, mainly in females. Histopathologic evaluations confirm the inflammation of one or several extraocular muscles. Chronic disease was also described. Canine extraocular myositis shows some resemblance to Graves ophthalmopathy but can better be compared to idiopathic orbital myositis. Both disorders are probably the consequence of an immune dysfunction that still has to be discovered.
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Search related cases →Original publication on PubMed: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21658791/