Peer-reviewed veterinary case report
Frontal sinus cancer in 41 dogs - signs and treatment outcomes
By Gedon, Julia et al.·Published in Veterinary and comparative oncology·2023·Small Animal Clinic Hofheim, Germany·View original on PubMed →
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Original publication title: Frontal sinus carcinoma in forty-one dogs (2001-2022).
- Species:
- dog
Plain-English summary
A 10-year-old male Jack Russell Terrier was diagnosed with frontal sinus carcinoma after showing signs of skull deformation near his eye for several months. The dog was treated with a combination of toceranib phosphate (a cancer medication) and meloxicam (a pain reliever), which led to noticeable improvement in the skull shape for most of the treated dogs. On average, dogs receiving this treatment lived about six months longer, with some surviving up to a year. This case suggests that this treatment could be beneficial for dogs with this type of cancer.
People also search for: dog skull deformity treatment · Jack Russell Terrier cancer · toceranib phosphate for dogs
Abstract
Reports on canine frontal sinus carcinomas (FSCs) are scarce. This retrospective review of 41 dogs with FSC (2001-2022) describes demographic and clinical characteristics of canine FSC and reports the clinical experience and overall survival following treatment with toceranib phosphate (TOC) and meloxicam in 10 cases. Median age at diagnosis was 10.6 years (range: 6.5-15.4 years). There was a male-to-female-ratio of 2.4:1. The most common breeds were Jack Russell Terriers (JRT) (n = 7; 17.1%) and Rottweilers (n = 3, 7.3%). Mesocephalic breeds (70.6%) were most commonly affected, brachycephalics accounted for 8.8%. The most frequent clinical signs included skull deformation dorsomedial to the eye (87.5%), pain/head-shyness (40.0%), ocular (22.5%)/nasal (17.5%) discharge, and exophthalmos (17.5%). Duration of symptoms prior to diagnosis varied from a few days to 9 months. There were no neurological signs at initial presentation despite imaging evidence of osteolysis of the lamina interna of the frontal bone in most dogs (69.4%). In 11.5%, pulmonary changes suggestive of metastasis or concurrent primary pulmonary neoplasia were present. Tumour types included squamous cell carcinoma (58.5%), unspecified carcinoma (29.3%), and adenocarcinoma (9.8%). Ten dogs were treated with TOC (median 2.8 mg/kg EOD or three times per week) and meloxicam (0.1 mg/kg, EOD) (TOC-M), resulting in subjective regression of skull deformity in 8/10 (80.0%) patients. Overall median survival time with TOC-M was 183.5 days (range: 120-434 days). FSCs typically present with skull deformation, but no overt neurological signs. Male dogs and JRT may be overrepresented. The use of TOC-M in FSC appears promising and warrants further prospective evaluation.
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Search related cases →Original publication on PubMed: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36745079/