Fungal Enzymes for Saccharification of Gamma-Valerolactone-Pretreated White Birch Wood: Optimization of the Production of <i>Talaromyces amestolkiae</i> Cellulolytic Cocktail.

Abstract

Lignocellulosic biomass, the most abundant natural resource on earth, can be used for cellulosic ethanol production but requires a pretreatment to improve enzyme access to the polymeric sugars while obtaining value from the other components. γ-Valerolactone (GVL) is a promising candidate for biomass pretreatment since it is renewable and bio-based. In the present work, the effect of a pretreatment based on GVL on the enzymatic saccharification of white birch was evaluated at a laboratory scale and the importance of the washing procedure for the subsequent saccharification was demonstrated. Both the saccharification yield and the production of cellulosic ethanol were higher using a noncommercial enzyme crude from <i>Talaromyces amestolkiae</i> than with the commercial cocktail Cellic CTec2 from Novozymes. Furthermore, the production of extracellular cellulases by <i>T. amestolkiae</i> has been optimized in 2 L bioreactors, with improvements ranging from 40% to 75%. Finally, it was corroborated by isoelectric focus that optimization of cellulase secretion by <i>T. amestolkiae</i> did not affect the pattern production of the main β-glucosidases and endoglucanases secreted by this fungus.