Peer-reviewed veterinary case report
New CPV-2a canine parvovirus variant found in dogs in Rio Grande do
By Bianca de Castro Leal et al.·Published in Ciência Rural·2024·View original on DOAJ →
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Original publication title: Genetic characterization and predominance of the new CPV-2a variant in clinical cases of canine parvovirus in the western region of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil
- Species:
- dog
Plain-English summary
A group of young, unvaccinated dogs in Brazil showed serious symptoms like diarrhea, vomiting, and lack of appetite, leading to a diagnosis of canine parvovirus (CPV-2). This virus is particularly dangerous, with a mortality rate over 93% in affected dogs. The study found that a new variant of the virus, CPV-2a, was prevalent in this area, especially during the summer months. Vaccination is crucial for protecting young dogs from this deadly disease, as those who were vaccinated or had some immunity were less likely to be affected.
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Abstract
ABSTRACT: Canine parvovirus 2 (CPV-2) is an important causative agent of segmental enteritis in young dogs and has globally distributed variants and subtypes. Viral mutations can alter the pathogenesis and clinical signs, making identifying the samples circulating in a given region relevant. This study described the epidemiological and clinical findings and the molecular characterization of CPV-2 samples circulating in the canine population of Uruguaiana, Rio Grande doSul (RS), Brazil. We analyzed 27 cases with a complete clinical history and at least one confirmatory etiologic diagnosis. In addition to clinical and epidemiological data, whole blood samples or tissues were tested by PCR for viral DNA detection. Amplified products were sequenced and analyzed, and phylogeny was generated with reference sequences. The disease was diagnosed especially in the summer months, and the most common clinical findings were diarrhea, anorexia, listlessness, and vomiting. Infection was predominant in young (< 6 months) unvaccinated or partially immunized dogs, with mortality exceeding 93%. It was possible to identify 15 CPV-2 samples, four of which were CPV-2a and 11 were new CPV-2a. It can be concluded that canine parvovirus is a disease with high mortality rates, with young unvaccinated dogs being more susceptible, with a predominance of the new CPV-2a variant in the western region of Rio Grande do Sul.
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Search related cases →Original publication on DOAJ: https://doi.org/10.1590/0103-8478cr20230386