Peer-reviewed veterinary case report
DNA changes linked to outcomes in dog skin mast cell tumors
By Jark, Paulo C et al.·Published in Research in veterinary science·2017·Clinical Veterinary Department, Brazil·View original on PubMed →
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Original publication title: Genomic copy number variation associated with clinical outcome in canine cutaneous mast cell tumors.
- Species:
- dog
Plain-English summary
A dog with a mast cell tumor, which is a common type of skin cancer, was studied to understand why some dogs live longer after diagnosis than others. Researchers found that dogs who survived longer than a year had fewer genetic changes in their tumors compared to those who survived less than six months. Specifically, certain genes were linked to worse outcomes in the dogs with shorter survival times. This information could help veterinarians choose better treatments based on the genetic makeup of the tumor, potentially improving the prognosis for dogs diagnosed with mast cell tumors.
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Abstract
Mast cell tumors are the most common malignant cutaneous tumors in dogs. Although there are several prognostic factors involved, the clinical and biological behavior of this type of tumor varies greatly, making the best choice of treatment challenging. Molecular techniques can be used to evaluate a large number of genes involved in the neoplastic process and aid in the selection of candidate genes related to prognostic and predicting factors. Identification of the genes associated with tumor development and progression can be performed through the analysis of numerical and structural changes in DNA isolated from tumor cells by array comparative genomic hybridization (aCGH). The aim of this study was to compare copy number variations (CNVs) in cutaneous mast cell tumors of dogs that survived less than six (ST<6) and >12months (ST>12) from the date of diagnosis. Ten animals were used: four from Group ST>12 and six from Group ST<6. Genomic DNA was extracted, and aCGH was performed using Agilent Canine Genome CGH Microarray 4×180 (ID-252 552 - Agilent, USA). Data analysis was carried out using Nexus program version 5.0 (Biodiscovery, USA). The group ST>12 presented 11±3.3 CNVs, while the ST<6 group presented 85±38.5 CNVs. Regions of loss in PTEN and FAS as well as regions of gains in MAPK3, WNT5B, FGF, FOXM1 and RAD51 were detected in mast cell tumors with shorter survival times, and thus, worst prognoses, allowing for the identification of potential candidate genes for more detailed studies.
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Search related cases →Original publication on PubMed: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/28266316/