Peer-reviewed veterinary case report
Hydrolyzed dog food may still trigger food allergy immune cells
By Masuda, Kenichi et al.·Published in The Journal of veterinary medical science·2020·Animal Allergy Clinical Laboratories Inc., Japan·View original on PubMed →
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Original publication title: Hydrolyzed diets may stimulate food-reactive lymphocytes in dogs.
- Species:
- dog
Plain-English summary
A study found that some hydrolyzed diets, which are often recommended for dogs with food allergies, might not be as effective as previously thought. In tests with blood samples from dogs suspected of having food hypersensitivity, certain hydrolyzed diets still contained proteins that could trigger immune reactions. Specifically, about 29% of dogs showed signs of immune cell activation after eating these diets. This suggests that these diets may not be suitable for all dogs with food allergies, as they could still provoke reactions in some pets.
People also search for: dog food allergies treatment · hydrolyzed diet for dogs · symptoms of dog food hypersensitivity
Abstract
Hydrolyzed proteins are often prescribed for dogs with food hypersensitivity in food elimination programs. However, the potential of these diets to stimulate lymphocyte-mediated hypersensitivity is currently unknown. In this study, two commercially available hydrolyzed diets for dogs, D-1 (Aminopeptide Formula Dry, Royal Canin Japon, Tokyo, Japan), and D-2 (Canine z/d Ultra Dry, Hill's-Colgate (Japan) Ltd., Tokyo, Japan), were analyzed to identify residual proteins or peptides, as well as activated helper T-lymphocyte reactions in dogs with suspected food hypersensitivity. Proteins and peptides with molecular weights >1 kDa (majority 1.5-3.5 kDa) were detected in both diet extracts with sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, and size exclusion chromatography. When peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC's) from 316 dogs with suspected food allergies were cultured with hydrolyzed diet extracts, flow cytometry analysis revealed detectable levels of CD25helper T-lymphocytes stimulated by D-1 and D-2 in 91 of 316, (28.8%), and 75 of 316 (23.7%) samples, respectively. These data indicated that the extracts contained proteins or peptides large enough to activate the lymphocytes. The percentages of CD25helper T-lymphocytes stimulated by D-1 and D-2 extracts increased to 38.7% and 29.6%, respectively, in 186 of the original 316 samples (186/316, 58.9%), also reactive to poultry-related antigens. Thus, both poultry-related antigens, and D-1 and D-2 diet extracts may activate helper T-lymphocytes. These results demonstrate that hydrolyzed diets may contain proteins that stimulate helper T-lymphocytes, and may not be effective for treating all dogs with food hypersensitivity.
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Search related cases →Original publication on PubMed: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31875597/