Identification ofsporozoite immunodominant mimotopes by random phage-display peptide libraries-a proof of concept study.

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: Coccidiosis, caused by parasites of numerousspecies, has long been recognized as an economically significant disease in the chicken industry worldwide. The rise of anti-coccidian resistance has driven a search for other parasite management techniques. Recombinant antigen vaccination presents a highly feasible alternative. Properly identifying antigens that might trigger a potent immune response is one of the major obstacles to creating a viable genetically modified vaccine. METHODS: This study evaluated a reverse immunology approach for the identification of B-cell epitopes. Antisera from rabbits and hens inoculated with whole-sporozoites ofwere used to identify Western blot antigens. The rabbit IgG fraction from the anti-sporozoite serum exhibited the highest reactogenicity; consequently, it was purified and utilized to screen two random Phage-display peptide libraries (12 mer and c7c mer). After three panning rounds, 20 clones from each library were randomly selected, their nucleotide sequences acquired, and their reactivity to anti-sporozoiteserum assessed. The selected peptide clones inferred amino acid sequences matched numerousproteins. RESULTS AND CONCLUSIONS: The extracellular domain of the epidermal growth factor-like (EGF-like) repeats, and the thrombospondin type-I (TSP-1) repeats ofmicronemal protein 4 (EtMIC4) matched with the c7c mer selected clones CNTGSPYEC (2/20) and CMSTGLSSC (1/20) respectively. The clone CSISSLTHC that matched with a conserved hypothetical protein ofwas widely selected (3/20). Selected clones from the 12-mer phage display library AGHTTQFNSKTT (7/20), GPNSAFWAGSER (2/20) and HFAYWWNGVRGP (8/20) showed similarities with a cullin homolog, elongation factor-2 and beta-dynein chain a putativeprotein, respectively. Four immunodominant clones were previously selected and used to immunize rabbits. By ELISA and Western blot, all rabbit anti-clone serums detectednative antigens. DISCUSSION: Thus, selected phagotopes contained recombinantantigen peptides. Using antibodies againstsporozoites, this study demonstrated the feasibility of screening Phage-display random peptide libraries for true immunotopes. In addition, this study looked at an approach for finding novel candidates that could be used as anrecombinant epitope-based vaccine.