Peer-reviewed veterinary case report
Dog allergic reactions within 1 hour after vaccination linked to IgE
By Ohmori, Keitaro et al.·Published in Veterinary immunology and immunopathology·2005·Department of Veterinary Internal Medicine, Japan·View original on PubMed →
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Original publication title: IgE reactivity to vaccine components in dogs that developed immediate-type allergic reactions after vaccination.
- Species:
- dog
Plain-English summary
A group of dogs experienced severe allergic reactions, including difficulty breathing, swelling, and vomiting, shortly after receiving vaccines. Researchers found that these dogs had high levels of a specific antibody (IgE) in their blood that reacted to components in the vaccines, particularly fetal calf serum, gelatin, and casein. In fact, most of the dogs with allergic reactions had IgE that was specifically directed against fetal calf serum. This suggests that some dogs may be allergic to certain ingredients in vaccines, leading to immediate and serious reactions.
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Abstract
Allergic reactions after vaccination are considered as an important practical problem in dogs; however, their immunological mechanism has not been well understood. The present study was designed to investigate the relationship between IgE reactivity to the vaccines and immediate-type allergic reactions after vaccination in dogs. Sera from 10 dogs that developed immediate-type allergic reactions such as circulatory collapse, cyanosis, dyspnea, facial edema, and vomiting within 1h after vaccination with non-rabies monovalent or combined vaccines and sera from 50 dogs that did not develop allergic reactions after vaccination were collected. Serum IgE reactivity to the injected vaccines was measured by fluorometric ELISA using a mouse monoclonal anti-dog IgE antibody. Then, IgE reactivity to fetal calf serum (FCS) and stabilizer proteins (gelatin, casein, and peptone) included in the vaccines was measured in sera that had high levels of IgE to the vaccines. Levels of serum specific IgE to the vaccines in dogs with immediate-type allergic reactions (59-4173 fluorescence units [FU], mean +/- S.D.: 992.5 +/- 1181.9 FU) were significantly higher than those in control dogs (38-192 FU, 92.4 +/- 43.3 FU) (P < 0.001). Of the eight dogs that developed immediate-type allergic reactions and had high levels of serum specific IgE to the vaccines, seven had specific IgE directed to FCS. The IgE reactivity to the vaccines in sera from these dogs was almost completely inhibited by FCS. The other one dog had serum IgE directed to gelatin and casein included in the vaccine as stabilizers. The results obtained in this study suggest that immediate-type allergic reactions after vaccination in dogs were induced by type I hypersensitivity mediated by IgE directed to vaccine components. In addition, FCS, gelatin, and casein included in vaccines could be the causative allergens that induced immediate-type allergic reactions after vaccination in dogs.
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Search related cases →Original publication on PubMed: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/15734545/