Impact of Diets Supplemented With Low Glycemic Index Starch on Physiology and Locomotor Abilities of Mice.

Abstract

This study explores the effects of a low glycemic index starch (HR0) produced through double thermal retrogradation (4°C/18 h-30°C/6 h), on the physiology and behavior of mice. HR0 starch exhibited low in vitro and in vivo glycemic indexes of 37 and 51, respectively. Mice fed a high-fat diet supplemented with 33% HR0 starch showed significant reductions in body weight compared to those on a high-fat diet. HR0 supplementation normalized fasting plasma glucose levels in mice, preventing the development of diabetes, while all other high-fat diet groups developed diabetic symptoms. Blood lipid analysis indicated that HR0 reduced triglycerides, LDL cholesterol, and total cholesterol levels while increasing HDL cholesterol. Histological examinations showed that HR0 improved the health of liver, kidney, and adipose tissues, notably reducing the incidence of fatty liver disease. Behavioral tests demonstrated that HR0 starch enhanced locomotor activity and reduced anxiety levels. These results suggest that HR0 starch can effectively improve metabolic health and may serve as a beneficial dietary supplement for individuals at risk of obesity, diabetes, and cardiovascular diseases.