In situ laser fenestration of Metallic covered stent for the treatment of malignant Central Airway Stenosis: A case report.

Abstract

Malignant central airway stenosis is a life-threatening complication of respiratory malignancies. Self-expanding covered metal stents are an effective treatment, offering self-adaptability without the need for customization, making them suitable for emergency use. Y-shaped stents are preferred in most cases due to their low migration risk. However, they may cover the right upper lobe bronchus, leading to atelectasis, which requires intervention. This is the first reported case of central airway stenosis caused by bronchial metastasis from colon cancer. After placement of a Y-shaped covered stent, endobronchial modification using a YAG laser was performed to restore right upper lobe ventilation. The procedure successfully relieved the patient's dyspnea. This case provides clinical reference value, though further reports are needed to confirm its generalizability.