Peer-reviewed veterinary case report
How dog age and vaccine timing affect core vaccine antibody levels
By Gonzalez, Sara E et al.·Published in Veterinary immunology and immunopathology·2023·Department of Small Animal Medicine and Surgery, United States·View original on PubMed →
PetCaseFinder translated the abstract of this peer-reviewed paper into plain English so pet owners can read it. We do not publish original research — every detail traces back to the citation above. How we work →
Original publication title: Influence of age and vaccination interval on canine parvovirus, distemper virus, and adenovirus serum antibody titers.
- Species:
- dog
Plain-English summary
A group of healthy dogs of various ages and breeds had their blood tested to check for immunity against common diseases like parvovirus, distemper, and adenovirus after their last vaccinations. The results showed that while most dogs still had good protection against parvovirus and adenovirus even years after their last shot, the immunity against distemper tended to decrease over time. Older dogs and those who hadn't been vaccinated in a while were found to have lower immunity levels, suggesting they might be at higher risk for these diseases. This study supports the idea of checking antibody levels to decide if a booster shot is needed.
People also search for: dog vaccination titer test · why is my dog getting sick after vaccination · dog distemper vaccine duration
Abstract
Canine core vaccine titer screenings are becoming increasingly popular in veterinary practice as a tool to guide vaccination decisions, despite a lack of supportive, peer-reviewed evidence-based literature. Additionally, it has been suggested that the canine core vaccine duration of host protective immunity can persist past the currently recommended vaccination interval. Thus, this study evaluated serum antibody titers against three core antigens in dogs with known vaccination histories and lifestyles, analyzing the effect of life stage, exposure risk, and time since last vaccination (TSLV). Clinically healthy dogs (n = 188) presenting to the primary care services of three colleges of veterinary medicine were selected to represent a variety of ages, breeds, and vaccination history. Serum antibody titers for canine parvovirus (CPV), canine distemper virus (CDV), and canine adenovirus-2 (CAV2) were measured via virus neutralization and hemagglutination inhibition. CAV2 and CPV titers decreased, while CDV titers had a decreasing trend with increasing time since last vaccination or vaccination interval. When assessing circulating antibody levels historially associated with protective immunity across various vaccination intervals, 62% (95%CI 36-82%; 8/13) of dogs had positive titers for CDV 5 years post last vaccination, while 92% (95%CI 67-99%; 12/13) of dogs were positive for CAV2 and CPV. Both advanced age and life stage were associated with lower titers and thus, identify a canine population cohort likely at higher disease risk. The results of this study revealed that patient duration of core vaccine-mediated immunity changes with a number of variables, with animal aging and time since vaccination influencing host humoral immunity. This provides further support for the performance of canine core antibody titers to assess whether a vaccine booster and/or specific type of booster is warranted.
Find similar cases for your pet
PetCaseFinder finds other peer-reviewed reports of pets with the same symptoms, plus a plain-English summary of what was tried across them.
Search related cases →Original publication on PubMed: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37418822/