Peer-reviewed veterinary case report
Interfacial Adsorbate Competition Regulates Intermediate Stabilization and Onset Potential in Acidic CO<sub>2</sub> Electroreduction.
- Year:
- 2026
- Authors:
- Pinilla-Sánchez A et al.
- Affiliation:
- the Barcelona Institute of Science and Technology · Spain
Abstract
Electrochemical CO<sub>2</sub> reduction (CO<sub>2</sub>R) in acid may enable high carbon utilization but faces selectivity challenges, particularly from the Hydrogen Evolution Reaction (HER). While the source of protons and cation concentrations play a role in this balance, the role of anions remains underexplored. Here, we combine in situ surface-enhanced Raman Spectroscopy during CO<sub>2</sub>R in acid with theoretical simulations to investigate the role of anionic species over copper gas diffusion electrodes at application-relevant current densities (up to 0.2 A·cm<sup>-2</sup>) and performance. Our observations reveal that sulfate adsorption inhibits CO<sub>2</sub>R at low pH and delays CO<sub>2</sub>R intermediate formation, which is enabled by hydroxyl species coadsorption. Such competition regulates *CO stabilization and the balanced *CO coverage needed to favor the formation of multicarbon products. These results shed light on how anion interactions govern CO<sub>2</sub>R selectivity under acidic conditions and their impact on overpotentials, offering guidance on catalyst-electrolyte interface design.
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Search related cases →Original publication: https://europepmc.org/article/MED/41744374