Intestinal lymphangiectasia signs and diagnosis in a dog

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Primary intestinal lymphangiectasia in dogs is a condition characterized by dilation of the lymphatic vessels in the intestine. It has serious consequences, such as protein loss. Early diagnosis and appropriate treatment are essential for the quality of life of affected animals. CASE DESCRIPTION: A 10-month-old female Border collie with persistent diarrhea for 3 months associated with weight loss, emesis, steatorrhea, and anorexia. During the investigation, the patient showed signs of dehydration; based on inspection and bone and muscle palpation, there was a reduction in the body condition score, as well as limb edema. An abdominal ultrasound revealed intestinal wall thickening and signs indicative of lymphangiectasia. The strain elastography revealed changes in intestinal rigidity parameters. After upper digestive endoscopy and histopathological examination, the female patient was diagnosed with intestinal lymphangiectasia. The female patient was treated with a low-fat diet and immunosuppressive drugs, which resulted in clinical and laboratory improvement and a reduction in the hardness rate on elastography. CONCLUSION: This case highlights the clinical, ultrasonographic, endoscopic, and strain elastographic findings of intestinal lymphangiectasia in a dog, demonstrating elastography's potential as a diagnostic and monitoring tool while confirming the disease's responsiveness to immunosuppressive therapy and dietary management.