Peer-reviewed veterinary case report
Blood clotting and protein changes in cats with heart disease
By Jiwaganont, Palin et al.·Published in BMC veterinary research·2024·Graduate School·View original on PubMed →
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Original publication title: Investigation of coagulation and proteomics profiles in symptomatic feline hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and healthy control cats.
- Species:
- cat
Plain-English summary
A group of cats with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM), a serious heart disease, showed higher levels of a blood clotting marker called D-dimer and lower prothrombin time (PT) compared to healthy cats. Symptoms of HCM can include breathing problems and sudden collapse. The study found that these changes in D-dimer and PT could help in diagnosing and managing HCM in cats. While the findings are promising, more research is needed to fully understand how these markers can be used in practice.
People also search for: cat heart disease symptoms · hypertrophic cardiomyopathy in cats · D-dimer levels in cats · cat breathing problems treatment
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is a crucial heart disease in cats. The clinical manifestations of HCM comprise pulmonary edema, dyspnea, syncope, arterial thromboembolism (ATE), and sudden cardiac death. D-dimer and prothrombin time (PT) are powerful biomarkers used to assess coagulation function. Dysregulation in these two biomarkers may be associated with HCM in cats. This study aims to assess D-dimer levels, PT, and proteomic profiling in healthy cats in comparison to cats with symptomatic HCM. RESULTS: Twenty-nine client-owned cats with HCM were enrolled, including 15 healthy control and 14 symptomatic HCM cats. The D-dimer concentration and PT were examined. Proteomic analysis was conducted by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight (MALDI-TOF) mass spectrometry and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). In symptomatic cats, D-dimer levels were statistically significantly higher (mean ± SEM: 372.19 ng/ml ± 58.28) than in healthy cats (mean ± SEM: 208.54 ng/ml ± 10.92) with P-value of less than 0.01, while PT was statistically significantly lower in symptomatic cats (mean ± SEM: 9.8 s ± 0.15) compared to healthy cats (mean ± SEM: 11.08 s ± 0.23) with P-value of less than 0.0001. The proteomics analysis revealed upregulation of integrin subunit alpha M (ITGAM), elongin B (ELOB), and fibrillin 2 (FBN2) and downregulation of zinc finger protein 316 (ZNF316) and ectonucleoside triphosphate diphosphohydrolase 8 (ENTPD8) in symptomatic HCM cats. In addition, protein-drug interaction analysis identified the Ras signaling pathway and PI3K-Akt signaling pathway. CONCLUSIONS: Cats with symptomatic HCM have higher D-dimer and lower PT than healthy cats. Proteomic profiles may be used as potential biomarkers for the detection and management of HCM in cats. The use of D-dimer as a biomarker for HCM detection and the use of proteomic profiling for a better understanding of disease mechanisms remain to be further studied in cats.
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Search related cases →Original publication on PubMed: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38970022/