Investigation of Schmallenberg virus and update on the serological status of Toxoplasma gondii in goat herds in the semiarid region of Pernambuco state, Brazil.

Abstract

Reproductive disorders represent a significant obstacle to animal production. In this regard, infections with Schmallenberg virus (SBV) and Toxoplasma gondii have been linked to reproductive failures in small ruminants, leading to economic losses. This study aimed to conduct a seroepidemiological investigation of Schmallenberg virus and Toxoplasma gondii infection in goat farms located in the Agreste region of Pernambuco, northeastern Brazil. A total of 368 animals were analyzed, none of which were positive for anti-SBV antibodies, and 15.48 % (57/368) tested positive for anti-T. gondii IgG antibodies. Furthermore, a significant association was observed between T. gondii infection and intensive farming practices, dairy production, and the water source provided to the animals. Thus, SBV is not yet circulating in the goat population of the Agreste region of Pernambuco State. However, T. gondii infections persist and may be associated with reproductive losses, thereby posing potential economic risks to goat producers in the region.