Peer-reviewed veterinary case report
How long ceftiofur stays in dog tears after injection
By Anna Catherine Bowden et al.·Published in Frontiers in Veterinary Science·2022·Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Iowa State University, Ames, IA, United States, CH·View original on DOAJ →
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Original publication title: Kinetics and minimal inhibitory concentrations of ceftiofur in tear film following extended-release parenteral administration (Excede®) in dogs
- Species:
- dog
Plain-English summary
A group of six dogs received a single injection of ceftiofur (Excede®) to see how well the medication would reach their tear film and fight eye infections. After the injection, researchers found that ceftiofur levels in the tears were detectable for up to 10 days, but the amounts were too low to effectively combat common bacteria that cause eye infections. This means that while the medication can reach the tears, it may not be strong enough to help with typical eye problems in dogs. More research is needed to find better dosages or alternative antibiotics for treating eye infections.
People also search for: dog eye infection treatment · ceftiofur for dogs · why is my dog’s eye watering
Abstract
PurposeDescribe the pharmacokinetics of extended-release parenteral ceftiofur (Excede®) in canine tear film and compare these concentrations to minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) of ceftiofur against common ocular pathogens in dogs.MethodSix dogs of various breeds were enrolled. Disruption of blood-tear barrier was achieved with histamine-induced conjunctivitis to ensure clinical relevance of the results. Each dog received a single subcutaneous injection of 5 mg/kg Excede®, followed by tear collection with Schirmer strips at times 0, 0.25, 0.5, 1, 2, 4, 8, 12, 24, 36, 48, 72, 96, 120, 144, 168, 192, 216 and 240 h. Drug quantification was performed with liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. MICs were determined for Staphylococcus pseudintermedius, Streptococcus canis and Pseudomonas aeruginosa by assessing bacterial growth (n = 10 per bacterial species) in the presence of ceftiofur at increasing concentrations.ResultsBlood-tear barrier breakdown provided tear film concentrations of ceftiofur 3.2–28.9-fold higher than in the contralateral healthy eye (n = 1 dog, pilot experiment). In all six dogs, ceftiofur concentrations in tears varied from 2.3 to 637.5 ng/mL and were detectable up to 10 days (240 h) after subcutaneous injection. However, tear levels always remained below MICs for common ocular isolates (≥640 ng/mL).ConclusionsCeftiofur reached the tear compartment (for up to 10 days) after a single parenteral injection, however tear concentrations were extremely variable and too low to be effective against common bacterial pathogens in dogs. Further studies with different ceftiofur dosage or other long-acting injectable antibiotics are warranted.
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Search related cases →Original publication on DOAJ: https://doi.org/10.3389/fvets.2022.975113