Peer-reviewed veterinary case report
Risk of non-heart death in healthy cats and cats with early heart
By Fox, Philip R et al.·Published in Journal of veterinary internal medicine·2019·Animal Medical Center, United States·View original on PubMed →
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Original publication title: Long-term incidence and risk of noncardiovascular and all-cause mortality in apparently healthy cats and cats with preclinical hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.
- Species:
- cat
Plain-English summary
A study looked at the long-term health of 1,730 cats, including those that were apparently healthy and those with preclinical hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (pHCM), a heart condition. It found that noncardiovascular issues like cancer and chronic kidney disease were common causes of death in both groups, but pHCM cats had a higher overall death rate, primarily due to heart-related problems. The average lifespan before noncardiovascular death was similar for both groups, but pHCM cats had a shorter overall lifespan. This highlights the importance of monitoring heart health in cats, especially as they age.
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Abstract
BACKGROUND: Epidemiologic knowledge regarding noncardiovascular and all-cause mortality in apparently healthy cats (AH) and cats with preclinical hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (pHCM) is limited, hindering development of evidence-based healthcare guidelines. OBJECTIVES: To characterize/compare incidence rates, risk, and survival associated with noncardiovascular and all-cause mortality in AH and pHCM cats. ANIMALS: A total of 1730 client-owned cats (722 AH, 1008 pHCM) from 21 countries. METHODS: Retrospective, multicenter, longitudinal, cohort study. Long-term health data were extracted by medical record review and owner/referring veterinarian interviews. RESULTS: Noncardiovascular death occurred in 534 (30.9%) of 1730 cats observed up to 15.2 years. Proportion of noncardiovascular death did not differ significantly between cats that at study enrollment were AH or had pHCM (P = .48). Cancer, chronic kidney disease, and conditions characterized by chronic weight-loss-vomiting-diarrhea-anorexia were the most frequently recorded noncardiovascular causes of death. Incidence rates/risk of noncardiac death increased with age in AH and pHCM. All-cause death proportions were greater in pHCM than AH (65% versus 40%, respectively; P < .001) because of higher cardiovascular mortality in pHCM cats. Comparing AH with pHCM, median survival (study entry to noncardiovascular death) did not differ (AH, 9.8 years; pHCM, 8.6 years; P = .10), but all-cause survival was significantly shorter in pHCM (P = .0001). CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL IMPORTANCE: All-cause mortality was significantly greater in pHCM cats due to disease burden contributed by increased cardiovascular death superimposed upon noncardiovascular death.
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Search related cases →Original publication on PubMed: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31605422/