Peer-reviewed veterinary case report
Long-term survival and heart changes after PDA closure in 520 dogs
By Saunders, A B et al.·Published in Journal of veterinary internal medicine·2014·Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, United States·View original on PubMed →
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Original publication title: Long-term outcome in dogs with patent ductus arteriosus: 520 cases (1994-2009).
- Species:
- dog
Plain-English summary
A group of 520 dogs with a heart condition called patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) underwent a procedure to close the duct and were followed for at least a year. The results showed that dogs who had the closure lived longer and had improved heart size over time, but those with severe heart issues or specific symptoms at the start had a lower chance of survival. After 12 months, many dogs showed a significant reduction in heart size, although some still had ongoing heart problems. Overall, closing the PDA greatly improved survival and heart health in most dogs.
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Abstract
BACKGROUND: Published information regarding survival and long-term cardiac remodeling after patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) closure in dogs is limited. OBJECTIVES: To report outcome and identify prognostic variables in dogs with PDA, and to identify risk factors for persistent remodeling in dogs with a minimum of 12 months of follow-up after closure. ANIMALS: Five hundred and twenty client-owned dogs. METHODS: Retrospective review of medical records of 520 dogs with PDA. Outcome was determined by contacting owners and veterinarians. Dogs with PDA closure and ≥ 12 months of follow-up were asked to return for a re-evaluation. RESULTS: In multivariable analysis of 506 dogs not euthanized at the time of diagnosis, not having a PDA closure procedure negatively affected survival (HzR = 16.9, P < .001). In 444 dogs undergoing successful PDA closure, clinical signs at presentation (HzR = 17, P = .02), concurrent congenital heart disease (HD) (HzR = 4.8, P = .038), and severe mitral regurgitation (MR) documented within 24 hours of closure (HzR = 4.5, P = .028) negatively affected survival. Seventy-one dogs with ≥ 12 months follow-up demonstrated a significant reduction in radiographic and echocardiographic measures of heart size (P = 0) and increased incidence of acquired HD (P = .001) at re-evaluation. Dogs with increased left ventricular size and low fractional shortening at baseline were more likely to have persistent remodeling at re-evaluation. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL IMPORTANCE: Patent ductus arteriosus closure confers important survival benefits and results in long-term reverse remodeling in most dogs. Clinical signs at presentation, concurrent congenital HD, and severe MR negatively affect survival. Increased left ventricular systolic dimensions and systolic dysfunction at baseline correlated significantly with persistent remodeling.
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Search related cases →Original publication on PubMed: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24372855/