Peer-reviewed veterinary case report
Malassezia dermatitis in dogs and cats.
- Journal:
- Veterinary journal (London, England : 1997)
- Year:
- 2024
- Authors:
- Hobi, Stefan et al.
- Affiliation:
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences · China
Plain-English summary
Malassezia is a type of yeast that normally lives on the skin of dogs and cats, but it can cause problems when there’s another health issue present. This can lead to a condition called Malassezia dermatitis, which is often itchy and can affect the skin, ears, or nails. Allergies are a common reason for this condition, so your vet might want to check for allergies if your pet has symptoms. Diagnosis usually involves looking at samples from the affected areas under a microscope to find the yeast. Treatment typically includes antifungal creams or shampoos, and in more severe cases, oral antifungal medications may be needed. It's important to address any underlying health issues for the best chance of recovery.
Abstract
Malassezia are members of the mycobiome of dogs and cats. In the presence of an underlying disease, these yeasts can proliferate, attach to the skin or mucosa to induce a secondary Malassezia dermatitis, otitis externa or paronychia. Since allergic dermatitis is one of the most common underlying causes, diagnostic investigation for allergy is often indicated. Cats may suffer from various other underlying problems, especially where Malassezia dermatitis is generalised. Malassezia dermatitis in dogs and cats is chronic, relapsing and pruritic. Direct cytology from dermatological lesions and the ear canal, showing "peanut-shaped" budding yeasts, facilitates a rapid and reliable diagnosis. Topical treatment includes antiseptic and antifungal azole-based products. Systemic treatment with oral antifungals is indicated only in severe or refractory disease. Identification and treatment of the underlying cause is essential for an optimal response. In this evidence-based narrative review, we discuss the clinical presentation of Malassezia dermatitis in dogs and cats, underlying comorbidities, and diagnostic considerations. Treatment is discussed in light of emerging evidence of antifungal resistance and the authors' clinical experience.
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Search related cases →Original publication: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38431127/