Peer-reviewed veterinary case report
Dog oral papilloma turned cancer after 18 months despite treatment
By Regalado Ibarra, Adriana Margarita et al.·Published in Journal of veterinary dentistry·2018·1 West Coast Veterinary Dental Services, Canada·View original on PubMed →
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Original publication title: Malignant Transformation of a Canine Papillomavirus Type 1-Induced Persistent Oral Papilloma in a 3-Year-Old Dog.
- Species:
- dog
Plain-English summary
A 3-year-old Labrador retriever cross had persistent oral growths that were diagnosed as papillomas caused by canine papillomavirus type 1 (CPV-1). Despite several surgeries and treatments, the growths did not go away and eventually transformed into a more aggressive oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC). Unfortunately, the cancer progressed, leading to the dog's euthanasia due to a poor quality of life. This case highlights the potential for certain viral infections to lead to serious health issues in dogs.
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Abstract
This case report describes a rare case of a persistent canine papillomavirus type 1 (CPV-1)-induced oral papilloma that underwent malignant transformation into an oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) in a 3-year-old Labrador retriever cross. Initially, the patient had multiple and multifocal verrucous lesions populating the oral cavity exclusively. The papillomas persisted despite multiple surgical ablations, azithromycin, interferon α-2b, alternative medicines, and off-label drug use of an immunostimulant. After 1 year and 6 months, an aggressive lesion developed at the level of the left mandibular first molar (309) and progressed to a well-differentiated invasive OSCC. The presence of CPV-1 DNA in the OSCC, and the known oncogenic abilities of CPV-1, suggests that this virus might have played a significant role in the emergence of the OSCC that ultimately led to the patient's euthanasia due to poor quality of life. This is the first well-documented case where OSCC has developed from an oral papilloma caused by CPV-1 in which the presence of coinfection by another papillomavirus was excluded by multiple polymerase chain reaction tests using various primers.
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Search related cases →Original publication on PubMed: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29865982/