Management of tibiotarsal diseases with nonarticulating linear external skeletal fixation for temporary tarsal immobilization in 22 dogs (2011-2024).

Abstract

OBJECTIVE: To describe a transtarsal fixation with a modified type II external skeletal fixator configuration utilizing straight connecting rods and single clamps for temporary tarsal immobilization and to evaluate the perioperative outcomes and complications. METHODS: An observational study evaluating dogs that underwent placement of the described fixator configuration at a single institution (January 2011 to December 2024). Cases with alternative configurations, with incomplete medical records, and that were lost to follow-up were excluded. Information was collected regarding signalment, body weight, injury, use of intraoperative fluoroscopy, number of pins, total surgery time, time to fixator removal, and the presence of complications. RESULTS: 22 dogs met the inclusion criteria. The majority of the reported injuries were common calcaneal tendon ruptures (77.3%), with lesser frequencies of fractures and joint instability. Twelve dogs experienced minor complications consisting of pin-related morbidities (radiographic lucency, loosening, bending, migration) and 1 instance of clamp loosening. Two dogs experienced major complications associated with fixator failure. The median time to fixator removal was 44 days (range, 28 to 118 days). In 19 of 22 cases, the fixators remained in place for the duration of the time required for treatment. CONCLUSIONS: The described fixator configuration was successful in supporting the tarsus for conditions that required tarsal immobilization. The complication rate was similar to previous reports, and the majority of complications required no additional treatment. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: A nonarticulating transtarsal linear external skeletal fixator can be considered as an alternative approach for temporary tarsal immobilization. This minimalistic technique does not require the use of double clamps, hinges, rings, or acrylic/epoxy resin.