-mediated vertical transmission ofin C57BL/6J mice.

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Although() can cause a range of gastric diseases and affects approximately 50% of the global population, its routes of transmission have yet to be sufficiently clarified. In a preliminary study, we found thatcan reside within the cells ofyeasts, with maternalserving as a potential reservoir for the transmission ofto neonates during delivery. AIM: To study the route oftransmission from mothers to offspring. METHODS: We established vaginal and gastric infection models using female C57BL/6J mice infected withand urease A () genes-positive. The successfully infective female mice were then mated with normal male mice until conception (classified vaginal and cesarean deliveries). Theinfection status in female mice and their offspring was assessed using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, polymerase chain reaction,isolation and culture, and histopathological examination. RESULTS: The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay results showed an increase in-specific IgG and IgM serum antibodies in the-positivegroup maternal and offspring mice compared to the control and normal groups.orgenes was detected in samples from some of the maternal and offspring mice, including gastric mucosa, intestinal contents, vaginal tissue, placenta, and fetal membranes. In addition,orgenepositivewere successfully isolated from the tissues of some postpartum maternal and offspring mice. Moreover, histopathological examination revealed bleeding spots and inflammatory cell infiltration in the gastric mucosal tissues of some maternal mice and offspring in the-positivegroup. CONCLUSION: In conclusion,infection of newborns may be acquired through vertical transmission during childbirth, potentially originating from the mother'sthat has been internalized by.