Metabolic profiling in experimental guinea pig models of bacterial and allergic inflammation.

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: Based on distinct triggers, bacterial and allergen-induced inflammatory reactions have different pathophysiology. Metabolomic analysis is high-throughput technique that can provide potential biomarkers to distinguish between these responses. OBJECTIVES: In order to find out the metabolic profiles of two types of inflammation, metabolites were analysed in blood plasma and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) of guinea pigs subjected to bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or allergen ovalbumin (OVA). METHODS: Hydrogen-1 nuclear magnetic resonance (H NMR) spectroscopy for metabolite analysis was performed in samples of blood plasma and BALF of guinea pigs. RESULTS: Random forest algorithm built on combination of levels of circulating and BALF metabolites resulted in almost ideal discrimination between acute allergic and bacterial inflammation. The differences between inflammation triggered by LPS and OVA were manifested in shift in energy metabolism, metabolism of branched-chain amino acids (BCAAs)/branched-chain keto acids (BCKAs) with alterations in alanine and glutamine, which are linked with both, ammonia homeostasis as well as gluconeogenesis. CONCLUSION: Distinct molecule nutrients are to be utilized during acute bacterial and allergic inflammatory response.