Peer-reviewed veterinary case report
Minocycline dosage advice for treating resistant Staphylococcus
By Maaland, Marit G et al.·Published in Veterinary dermatology·2014·Department of Veterinary Disease Biology·View original on PubMed →
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Original publication title: Minocycline pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics in dogs: dosage recommendations for treatment of meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus pseudintermedius infections.
- Species:
- dog
Plain-English summary
A group of six healthy dogs was given minocycline, an antibiotic, to see how well it could treat infections caused by a tough bacteria called Staphylococcus pseudintermedius. The researchers found that a dose of 5 mg/kg given twice a day by mouth was effective in keeping the bacteria at bay. This study helps veterinarians understand how to use minocycline safely and effectively in dogs, even though it’s not officially approved for them yet.
People also search for: dog Staphylococcus infection treatment · minocycline dosage for dogs · antibiotic for dog skin infection
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Although minocycline is not licensed for use in dogs, this tetracycline has therapeutic potential against meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus pseudintermedius. HYPOTHESIS/OBJECTIVES: The aim of this study was to establish rational dosage recommendations for minocycline use in dogs. Specific objectives were to generate and analyse minocycline pharmacokinetic (PK) data on plasma and interstitial fluid (ISF) concentrations, plasma protein binding and pharmacodynamic (PD) data on antimicrobial activity against S. pseudintermedius. ANIMALS: Six healthy dogs from a research colony were used in this study. METHODS: Dogs were administered 5 mg/kg intravenously and 10 mg/kg orally (p.o.) of minocycline hydrochloride in separate crossover experiments. In vivo drug concentrations in plasma and in ISF collected by ultrafiltration were measured by high-performance liquid chromatography. Pharmacokinetic analysis was performed on plasma and ISF concentrations. PK/PD analysis was completed using in vitro data on plasma protein binding and minocycline susceptibility in 168 S. pseudintermedius isolates. RESULTS: Minocycline distributed to the ISF to a higher degree than predicted by the protein-unbound fraction in plasma. A large volume of distribution after oral administration, with plasma and ISF elimination half-lives of 4.1 and 7.4 h, respectively, demonstrated that the ISF serves as a drug reservoir for sustained tissue concentrations. Monte Carlo simulation, used to assess target attainment at different drug dosages, indicated that p.o. administration of 5 mg/kg twice daily is sufficient to inhibit S. pseudintermedius strains with minimal inhibitory concentrations ≤0.25 μg/mL. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL IMPORTANCE: Besides dosage recommendations for therapy of meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus pseudintermedius infections in dogs, the study also provides PK/PD data necessary to consider species-specific clinical breakpoints for minocycline susceptibility testing.
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Search related cases →Original publication on PubMed: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24840325/