Peer-reviewed veterinary case report
Canine parvovirus CPV-2a found in diarrheic dogs in Pakistan
By Ahmed, Nisar et al.·Published in Virology journal·2018·University of Agriculture·View original on PubMed →
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Original publication title: Molecular analysis of partial VP-2 gene amplified from rectal swab samples of diarrheic dogs in Pakistan confirms the circulation of canine parvovirus genetic variant CPV-2a and detects sequences of feline panleukopenia virus (FPV).
- Species:
- dog
Plain-English summary
A group of stray dogs in Pakistan were found to have severe diarrhea, and tests revealed that 82% of them were infected with a highly contagious virus called canine parvovirus (CPV). Researchers identified a new variant of CPV, known as CPV-2a, in these dogs, which could be more dangerous than previous strains. Additionally, some dogs showed signs of infection with feline panleukopenia virus (FPV), suggesting they might have been exposed to contaminated food. Understanding these viruses is crucial for improving treatment and prevention strategies for dogs.
People also search for: dog diarrhea causes · canine parvovirus treatment · stray dog virus infection · CPV-2a symptoms · feline panleukopenia virus in dogs
Abstract
BACKGROUND: The infection in dogs due to canine parvovirus (CPV), is a highly contagious one with high mortality rate. The present study was undertaken for a detailed genetic analysis of partial VP2 gene i.e., 630 bp isolated from rectal swab samples of infected domestic and stray dogs from all areas of district Faisalabad. Monitoring of viruses is important, as continuous prevalence of viral infection might be associated with emergence of new virulent strains. METHODS: In the present study, 40 rectal swab samples were collected from diarrheic dogs from different areas of district Faisalabad, Pakistan, in 2014-15 and screened for the presence of CPV by immunochromatography. Most of these dogs were stray dogs showing symptoms of diarrhea. Viral DNA was isolated and partial VP2 gene was amplified using gene specific primer pair Hfor/Hrev through PCR. Amplified fragments were cloned in pTZ57R/T (Fermentas) and completely sequenced. Sequences were analyzed and assembled by the Lasergene DNA analysis package (v8; DNAStar Inc., Madison, WI, USA). RESULTS: The results with immunochromatography showed that 33/40 (82%) of dogs were positive for CPV. We were able to amplify a fragment of 630 bp from 25 samples. In 25 samples the sequences of CPV-2a were detected showing the amino acid substitution Ser297Ala and presence of amino acid (426-Asn) in partial VP2 protein. Interestingly the BLAST analysis showed the of feline panleukopenia virus (FPV) sequences in 3 samples which were already positive for new CPV-2a, with 99% sequence homology to other FPV sequences present in GenBank. CONCLUSIONS: Phylogenetic analysis showed clustering of partial CPV-VP-2 gene with viruses from China, India, Japan and Uruguay identifying a new variant, whereas the 3 FPV sequences showed immediate ancestral relationship with viruses from Portugal, South Africa and USA. Interesting observation was that CPV are clustering away from the commercial vaccine strains. In this work we provide a better understanding of CPV prevailing in Pakistan at molecular level. The detection of FPV could be a case of real co-infection or a case of dual presence, due to ingestion of contaminated food.
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Search related cases →Original publication on PubMed: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29544546/