Molecular and Serological Survey of SARS-CoV-2 in Murid Rodents From Central Chile.

Abstract

The potential role of rodents as reservoirs for SARS-CoV-2 has gained global attention due to their proximity to humans and their involvement in zoonotic disease transmission. Rodents were sampled from urban, rural and natural areas across the Metropolitan Region of Chile between June 2023 and June 2024. Molecular testing (RT-qPCR) revealed no active infections among the 421 analysed individuals, while serological assays (ELISA) detected SARS-CoV-2 antibodies in 4 of 459 rodents (0.87%). All seropositive rodents were Rattus rattus captured in rural areas. These findings suggest localised exposure to SARS-CoV-2, possibly influenced by environmental or anthropogenic factors. The results align with global studies reporting sporadic rodent exposure to SARS-CoV-2, emphasising the importance of integrating molecular and serological approaches in zoonotic surveillance. Despite the low prevalence observed, the potential role of rodents in viral spillover and recombination events with other coronaviruses underscores the need for continued monitoring. These results contribute to understanding zoonotic dynamics and inform public health strategies in a One Health framework.