Multimodal sleep management reduces perioperative insomnia in general surgery patients through optimal healing environments.

Abstract

This quality improvement study analyzed factors influencing situational insomnia among perioperative patients in general surgical wards using a combination of literature review, questionnaire surveys, and group discussions. Guided by the Optimal Healing Environment (OHE) model, which emphasizes creating a healing atmosphere through internal, external, and interpersonal factors, we developed a multi-modal sleep management program. Key components included standardizing sleep assessment protocols, optimizing the environment through noise reduction strategies (e.g., noise sensors) and light control (e.g., light-reducing films), implementing staff behavior modifications such as "Quiet Hour" protocols, and providing patient and family education. Post-implementation, the incidence of situational insomnia decreased significantly from 66.4% to 35.5%, noise levels during midday and nighttime were reduced by 21.5% and 28.0%, respectively, and patient satisfaction with noise and temperature management improved by 38.7% and 20.3%, respectively. These results highlight the effectiveness of the OHE-based program in improving sleep quality, accelerating recovery, and enhancing patient satisfaction in general surgery settings.