Peer-reviewed veterinary case report
Jaw bone death in 14 dogs not caused by radiation treatment
By Peralta, Santiago et al.·Published in Frontiers in veterinary science·2015·Department of Clinical Sciences, United States·View original on PubMed →
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Original publication title: Non-Radiation-Related Osteonecrosis of the Jaws in Dogs: 14 Cases (1996-2014).
- Species:
- dog
Plain-English summary
A group of 14 dogs with jaw problems were diagnosed with a condition called osteonecrosis of the jaws (ONJ), which involves exposed and dying bone in the mouth. Many of these dogs had a history of dental disease and previous tooth extractions, and they often received systemic antibiotics before developing ONJ. The treatment that worked best for these dogs involved surgically cleaning out the affected areas and giving them oral antibiotics. After treatment, the dogs showed improvement, indicating that this approach can be effective for managing this serious condition.
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Abstract
Osteonecrosis of the jaws (ONJ) is an entity of major clinical impact characterized by chronically exposed necrotic mandibular or maxillary bone. Its clinicopathological characteristics and possible inciting or risk factors are well described in humans but only anecdotally reported in dogs. Treatment modalities and outcome vary depending on the inciting factors involved and the extent and severity of the lesions. The objectives of this study were to retrospectively describe the clinicopathological features of non-radiation-related ONJ in a series of 14 dogs, identify possible inciting or risk factors, and report on the surgical treatment and outcome. For all patients, the medical records were used to collect information regarding signalment, clinical signs, characteristics of the oral, jaw and dental lesions, diagnostic imaging findings, histopathological and microbiological analysis, treatment performed, and outcome. The data collected showed that non-radiation-related ONJ appears to be an infrequent clinical entity but of significant impact in dogs; that a history of systemic antibiotics and dental disease is common among affected dogs; that previous dental extractions are commonly associated with ONJ sites; that using a systematic diagnostic approach is essential for diagnosis; and that thorough surgical debridement combined with a course of oral antibiotics was effective in the described dogs affected by advanced non-radiation-related ONJ.
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Search related cases →Original publication on PubMed: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26664936/