Nursing interventions in patients with substance use disorders. A systematic review.

Abstract

<h4>Objective</h4>To analyze the current available evidence on non-pharmacological interventions for increasing the withdrawal of patients with substance use disorder.<h4>Method</h4>A systematic review of randomized clinical trials with a control group has been carried out where a non-pharmacological intervention is carried out in which nurses participate. The search was carried out in Pubmed, Cinahl, Web of Science, Scopus and Cochrane. randomized clinical trials with a control group published between 2018 and 2023 were selected.<h4>Results</h4>15 articles were selected. A longer abstinence time was observed in the interventions that proposed a personalized telematic follow-up with a health worker, the establishment of the figure of the care coordinator or financial rewards based on the abstinence time. No significant differences regarding abstinence were observed in the formative interventions or with relaxation techniques only. However, relaxation techniques combined with other interventions could be effective.<h4>Conclusions</h4>The identified interventions can be incorporated into nursing practice. They present encouraging results, although it would be advisable to study their long-term effectiveness.