Optimized design and performance evaluation of long-pressure-short-extraction ventilation and dust removal system based on the Coanda effect.

Abstract

Mine ventilation and dust control systems are crucial for ensuring occupational safety and health during underground mining operations. Traditional long-pressure short-suction systems face challenges such as inefficient airflow organization, formation of vortex dead zones, high energy consumption, and inadequate adaptability to dynamic conditions in mining faces. This study addresses these limitations by proposing an optimized long-pressure short-suction ventilation and dust control system leveraging the Coandă effect. Through numerical simulations, experimental validation, and machine learning techniques, the study develops a comprehensive system to enhance dust control performance. The Coandă effect was employed to optimize the structural design of ventilation ducts, ensuring airflow attachment to tunnel surfaces, reducing dust dispersion, and achieving high-efficiency airflow with lower power consumption. The key parameters optimized include the spacing between the air supply and exhaust ducts, the pressure-to-suction ratio, and the height of the ventilation duct. The optimal pressure-to-suction ratio was found to be 2:3, which minimizes dust concentration at both the mining machine and downstream locations. Numerical simulations and experimental results demonstrated that the optimized system achieved dust concentration reductions of up to 84.12% in high initial dust conditions (800 mg/m³). These findings provide a solid foundation for intelligent and energy-efficient ventilation and dust control in mining operations, ensuring both safety and energy savings.