Peer-reviewed veterinary case report
Nitrofurantoin pill reaches high urine levels in dogs
By Meyer, Emma G et al.·Published in Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association·2023·University of Missouri-Kansas City·View original on PubMed →
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Original publication title: Oral administration of an extended-release formulation of nitrofurantoin results in high concentrations in the urine of dogs.
- Species:
- dog
Plain-English summary
Eight healthy female hound dogs were given a single dose of nitrofurantoin, a medication often used to treat bacterial bladder infections (cystitis). After taking the medication, the dogs showed very low levels of the drug in their blood, but the concentration in their urine was significantly higher—up to 500 times more than in the blood. This suggests that nitrofurantoin could be effective for treating bladder infections in dogs caused by certain bacteria.
People also search for: dog bladder infection treatment · nitrofurantoin for dogs · dog urinary tract infection symptoms
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: Sporadic bacterial cystitis in both dogs and humans is often caused by Escherichia coli. In humans, nitrofurantoin is a first-line antimicrobial for the treatment of bacterial cystitis but in dogs a lack of available data may be part of the reason it is only recommended as a second-line treatment. The objective of this preliminary study was to determine the plasma pharmacokinetics and urine concentrations of nitrofurantoin monohydrate-macrocrystalline in dogs. ANIMALS: 8 healthy female hound dogs. PROCEDURES: From July 26 to July 28, 2021, dogs received a single oral dose of nitrofurantoin monohydrate-macrocrystalline 100 mg with food. Blood and urine were collected at predetermined times. Nitrofurantoin concentrations were assayed by UPLC-MS/MS and plasma data were analyzed using noncompartmental methods. RESULTS: Plasma concentrations were low for all dogs with a mean ± SD maximum concentration (Cmax) of 0.242 ± 0.098 μg/mL (range, 0.14 to 0.42 µg/mL) occurring between 2 and 24 hours. Urine concentrations were manyfold higher than for plasma. Cmax in urine was 134 ± 54 µg/mL (range, 49.1 to 218 µg/mL) occurring between 6 and 36 hours. As seen in other species, nitrofurantoin concentrated in urine with concentrations being 500 times higher than the concentration in plasma. CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Results suggested that nitrofurantoin monohydrate-macrocrystalline formulation of nitrofurantoin should be effective in treating bacterial cystitis caused by susceptible uropathogens.
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Search related cases →Original publication on PubMed: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37116876/