Peer-reviewed veterinary case report
Oral Bordetella vaccine protects puppies for 1 year
By Hainer, N et al.·Published in Veterinary journal (London, England : 1997)·2021·Veterinary Medicine Research and Development, United States·View original on PubMed →
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Original publication title: Oral vaccination of dogs with a monovalent live-avirulent vaccine confers 1 year of immunity against Bordetella bronchiseptica challenge.
- Species:
- dog
Plain-English summary
A group of 7-9 week old puppies received a single oral vaccine to protect against Bordetella bronchiseptica, which causes kennel cough. A year later, they were exposed to the virus, and the vaccinated puppies showed much less coughing and shorter illness duration compared to those that didn't receive the vaccine. While most of the unvaccinated puppies developed a cough for over a week, the vaccinated ones only coughed for about a day and had lower levels of the bacteria in their noses. This study shows that the oral Bordetella vaccine provides effective protection for at least a year without side effects.
People also search for: Bordetella vaccine for puppies · kennel cough prevention in dogs · how long does Bordetella vaccine last
Abstract
This experimental challenge study assessed immune protection 1 year after a single dose of live-attenuated oral Bordetella bronchiseptica (Bb) vaccine in dogs. Forty Bb-seronegative 7-9-week-old puppies were randomly assigned at Day 0 to receive a single oral dose of either Bb vaccine (n = 20; vaccinated group) or sterile water (n = 20; control group). Groups were housed separately until comingling 1 day pre-challenge (Day 365). Challenge with virulent aerosolized Bb occurred at Day 366. Clinical scores were obtained at Days 1-7, and 366-380. Bb microagglutination test (MAT) titers were obtained at Days -7, 0, monthly post-vaccination, and Days 358, 365, and 380. Nasal swabs were collected for microbiological assessment at Days -7, 0, 365, and 367-380. Oral Bb vaccination was not associated with side effects. Pre-challenge, vaccinated dogs developed persistent Bb MAT titers and control dogs remained seronegative. Post-challenge, duration of cough was longer in control dogs (least square means [LSM], 8.6 days) than vaccinated dogs (LSM, 1.5 days; P < 0.0001), with more control dogs having cough on 2 or more consecutive days (control group, n = 17/19, 89.5%; vaccinated group, n = 3/19, 15.8%; P = 0.0011). Post-challenge, Bb shedding occurred in all control dogs and 5/19 (26%) vaccinated dogs. Average duration of Bb shedding was longer in the control group (11.9 days vs. 0.6 days; P < 0.0001) and nasal Bb loads were higher in the control group (P < 0.00001). Orally administered Bb vaccine stimulated immunity that was still protective against virulent Bb challenge after 1 year.
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Search related cases →Original publication on PubMed: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34800656/