Peer-reviewed veterinary case report
Treating leptospirosis in dogs with enrofloxacin
By Gutierrez, Lilia et al.·Published in Frontiers in veterinary science·2019·Department of Physiology and Pharmacology·View original on PubMed →
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Original publication title: Outpatient Clinical Trial in Dogs With Leptospirosis Treated With Enrofloxacin Hydrochloride-Dihydrate (ENRO-C).
- Species:
- dog
Plain-English summary
A group of dogs diagnosed with leptospirosis, a serious infection that can affect the liver and kidneys, was treated with a medication called enrofloxacin (enro-C). The treatment involved injections for 10 days, followed by oral capsules for another week. Most dogs showed improvement, with over 82% testing negative for the infection just a few days after treatment, and all were healthy at a follow-up 30 days later. There were no significant side effects, and none of the dogs had a relapse within 6 to 24 months after treatment.
People also search for: dog leptospirosis treatment · enrofloxacin for dogs · symptoms of leptospirosis in dogs
Abstract
Pharmacokinetics of enrofloxacin HCl-2HO (enro-C) in dogs and Monte-Carlo simulations againstspp. prompted a clinical study to treat the clinically apparent phase of this disease. Leptospirosis was diagnosed by real-time PCR from blood, micro-agglutination titers (MAT), clinical signs and blood parameters of the liver and kidney. In order to determine the clinical ability of the participants to diagnose leptospirosis on the first exam and establish an early treatment to avoid excessive organ damage, patients were clinically classified as: high-risk or medium-risk. Forty-five dogs were included in this trial (from 2017 to early 2019). The treatment consisted of IM injections of a 5% aqueous enro-C suspension (10 mg/kg/day) for 10 days, and subsequently enro-C was administered orally for another 7 days in gelatin capsules. Thirty-four high-risk and 11 medium-risk dogs were treated, including 6 puppies (4 high-risk with ages between 6 to 10 months and 2 medium-risk dogs with an average age of 6 and 7 months). Other ages ranged from 1 to 5 years. Fifteen cases had a history of having received prior treatment with other antibiotics, including all puppies. The clinical diagnostic error was 13.5% (7/52 cases), and only one of the misdiagnosed dogs had been classified as a high-risk patient. Three to 5 days after finishing treatment with enro-C, 82.2% of the dogs were negative to real-time PCR from urine samples and 100% negativity was observed on day 30 after treatment, when antibody titrations dropped to 1:100-1:200. Based on the absence of clinical signs, real-time PCR, and MAT titers, all treated dogs were considered as successful treatments. Within 6-24 months of clinical follow-up, no relapses were recorded. Adverse effects were inconsequential. This study represents the first report of a successful treatment of canine leptospirosis using a fluoroquinolone, and due to its efficacy, it is suggested that enro-C be considered as a viable option for the treatment of this disease.
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Search related cases →Original publication on PubMed: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31681813/