Peer-reviewed veterinary case report
Palisading granuloma skin nodules in dogs explained
By Lund, Michael et al.·Published in Veterinary pathology·2021·6572University of Pennsylvania, United States·View original on PubMed →
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Original publication title: Palisading granulomatous dermatitis and panniculitis (palisading granuloma) of dogs.
- Species:
- dog
Plain-English summary
A group of dogs with skin nodules, known as palisading granulomas, were studied to understand this condition better. These nodules, which are often found on the head and legs, are caused by inflammation around damaged collagen in the skin. The dogs, mostly large breeds, showed no signs of infection, and after the nodules were surgically removed, there was no recurrence of the lesions. This condition is not cancerous and has a good outlook for recovery after treatment.
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Abstract
Palisading granulomatous dermatitis and panniculitis is recognized in various cutaneous inflammatory lesions secondary to presumed collagen damage. Cutaneous nodules with a palisading arrangement of histiocytes surrounding foci of collagen degeneration have been clinically termed palisading granuloma in dogs. Study aims were to characterize the cellular infiltrate of canine palisading granuloma and document salient clinical features. Inclusion criteria were met for 36 dogs and encompassed nodular dermal and subcutaneous histiocyte-predominant cellular infiltrates targeting and enveloping collagen fibers/necrotic foci with palisading configurations. Infectious causes were ruled out via standard histochemical stains and/or clinical data. Medical records were reviewed for signalment, clinical features, treatment, outcome, and comorbidities. Immunohistochemistry (IBA1, CD204, E-cadherin) and Masson's trichrome stain were used to assess histiocytic populations and dermal collagen, respectively. The histiocytes had moderate or strong immunolabeling for IBA1 and CD204 in 36/36 dogs (100%) and mild positive immunolabeling for E-cadherin in 3/36 dogs (8%). Alteration of collagen was graded as moderate or strong in 32/36 dogs (89%) and mild in 3/36 dogs (8%). Large breeds predominated with 30/36 dogs (83%) being ≥23 kg. Focal nodules were identified in 31/36 dogs (86%). The head/face were involved in 19/36 dogs (53%) and the extremities in 18/36 dogs (50%). Lesions from the 5/36 dogs (14%) with multiple nodules contained prominent eosinophilic infiltrates. Following excision, there was no evidence of recurrence. In conclusion, palisading granulomas are a distinct, non-neoplastic, histiocyte-predominant inflammatory condition in dogs associated with altered dermal collagen and favorable prognosis.
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Search related cases →Original publication on PubMed: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34269106/