Physiology, Factor XIII

Abstract

Although discovered in 1944, Factor XIII's (FXIII) role as a deficiency disorder became evident in the 1960s upon identifying other clotting factors. Factor XIII, also referred to as fibrin stabilizing factor, plays a crucial role in the coagulation cascade by enhancing the stability of blood clot formation. The plasma form of Factor XIII is a protein heterodimer composed of A and B subunits expressed by bone marrow and mesenchymal lineage cells. Factor XIII functions as a transglutaminase, catalyzing peptide reactions responsible for cross-linking fibrin mesh. A deficiency can lead to life-threatening issues related to clot stability and hemostasis..