Point-of-care testing for chlamydia and gonorrhoea: a narrative review of patient perspectives and implementation into non-traditional settings.

Abstract

<h4>Objectives</h4>The demand for point-of-care testing (POCT) increased exponentially during the COVID-19 pandemic, providing a convenient and accessible method of virus detection outside of traditional laboratory settings. As high rates of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) remain a prominent public health concern, POCT for STI detection may offer an option that reduces key barriers to care such as stigma and limited clinic hours. The aim of this narrative review is to identify key facilitators, barriers and gaps related to the acceptability and implementation of STI POCT from patient perspectives in non-traditional settings.<h4>Methods</h4>To conduct this narrative review, a comprehensive literature search was conducted using PubMed, Embase and Scopus to identify relevant studies published between 1 January 2015 and May 2025, focusing on patient perspectives and contextual determinants of POCT implementation for <i>Chlamydia trachomatis</i> (CT) and <i>Neisseria gonorrhoeae</i> (NG). Search terms included free-text keywords (such as "point of care") and indexed terms (such as <i>Point-of-Care Testing</i> (MeSH)). Findings were contextualised based on patient perspective data and implementation into non-traditional settings.<h4>Results</h4>40 studies were included in the narrative review, reflecting geographical regions where POCT implementation has been prioritised. Study designs and implementation environments varied. POCT for CT/NG screening generally reported high diagnostic accuracy and reliability as well as increased uptake and high acceptability across settings. Availability, perceived convenience and increased autonomy significantly influenced POCT uptake and implementation among patients. Implementation facilitators included ease of device usage, minimal training and improved quality of care. Implementation barriers primarily focused on logistics, workflow and cost.<h4>Conclusions</h4>Community-engaged approaches to designing and implementing STI POC tests in non-traditional settings are necessary to better understand specific needs. High patient satisfaction, device acceptability and improved health outcomes place STI POCT as a promising avenue for strengthening public health efforts against the STI epidemic.