Peer-reviewed veterinary case report
How enrofloxacin and ciprofloxacin act in cats with kidney problems
By Foster, Jonathan D et al.·Published in Journal of veterinary internal medicine·2023·Friendship Hospital for Animals, United States·View original on PubMed →
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Original publication title: Population pharmacokinetic analysis of enrofloxacin and its active metabolite ciprofloxacin after intravenous injection to cats with reduced kidney function.
- Species:
- cat
Plain-English summary
A group of 34 cats with varying degrees of kidney function were given an antibiotic called enrofloxacin to see how it behaved in their bodies. The study found that the cats' kidney function didn't significantly affect how the drug was cleared from their systems, meaning that the usual dosage of enrofloxacin is safe for cats with reduced kidney function. However, their body weight did influence how the drug was distributed in their bodies. Overall, the findings suggest that pet owners don't need to worry about adjusting the dosage of enrofloxacin for cats with kidney issues.
People also search for: cat kidney function enrofloxacin dosage · antibiotic safety for cats with kidney disease · enrofloxacin side effects in cats
Abstract
BACKGROUND: It is unknown if enrofloxacin accumulates in plasma of cats with reduced kidney function. HYPOTHESIS: To determine if enrofloxacin and its active metabolite ciprofloxacin have reduced clearance in azotemic cats. ANIMALS: Thirty-four cats hospitalized for clinical illness with variable degree of kidney function. METHODS: Prospective study. After enrofloxacin (dose 5 mg/kg) administration to cats, sparse blood sampling was used to obtain 2 compartment population pharmacokinetic results using nonlinear mixed-effects modeling. Plasma enrofloxacin and ciprofloxacin concentrations were measured and summed to obtain the total fluoroquinolone concentration. A model of ciprofloxacin metabolism from enrofloxacin was created and evaluated for covariate effects on clearance, volume of distribution, and the metabolic rate of ciprofloxacin generation from enrofloxacin. RESULTS: Body weight was the only covariate found to affect total fluoroquinolone volume of distribution (effect 1.63, SE 0.19, P < .01) and clearance (effect 1.63, SE 0.27, P < .01). Kidney function did not have a significant effect on total fluoroquinolone clearance (median 440.8 mL/kg/h (range 191.4-538.0 mL/kg/h) in cats with normal kidney function, 365.8 mL/kg/h (range 89.49-1092.0 mL/kg/h) in cats with moderate kidney dysfunction, and 308.5 mL/kg/h (range 140.20-480.0 mL/kg/h) in cats with severe kidney dysfunction (P = .64). Blood urea nitrogen concentration influenced the metabolic generation of ciprofloxacin from enrofloxacin (effect 0.51, SE 0.08, P < .01), but other markers of kidney function did not. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL IMPORTANCE: Adjustment of enrofloxacin dosage is not indicated for azotemic cats.
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Search related cases →Original publication on PubMed: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37728198/