Prevalence and antimicrobial resistance ofspecies isolated from clinically ill companion animals.

Abstract

BACKGROUND: spp. is an important conditional pathogen in humans and animals. However, due to the indiscriminate use of antibiotics, the incidence of antimicrobial resistance has increased. OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to investigate antimicrobial resistance in strains ofstrains and the phylogenetic relatedness of extended-spectrum cephalosporin (ESC)-resistance amongstrains isolated from clinically ill companion animals. METHODS: A total of 336 clinical specimens were collected from animal hospitals. Identification ofspecies, determination of minimum inhibitory concentrations, detection of ESC resistance genes, polymerase chain reaction-based replicon typing of plasmids by conjugation, and multilocus sequence typing were performed. RESULTS: Forty-threestrains were isolated and, subsequently, 28 were identified as, 11 as, and 4 as. Eleven strains were isolated from feces, followed by 10 from ear, 7 from the nasal cavity, 6 from urine, 5 from genitals, and 4 from skin.isolates showed more than 40% resistance to penicillin, cephalosporin, fluoroquinolone, and aminoglycoside. ESCresistance genes, CTX-M groups (CTX-M-3, CTX-M-15, and CTX-M-65), and AmpC (CMY-2 and DHA-1) were most common in thestrains. Somecarrying CTX-M or AmpC were transferred via IncFII plasmids. Two sequence types, ST709 and ST307, fromwere most common. CONCLUSIONS: In conclusion, this is the first report on the prevalence, ESCresistance genotypes, and sequence types ofstrains isolated from clinically ill companion animals. The combination of infectious diseases and antimicrobial resistance byin companion animals suggest that, in clinical veterinary, antibiotic selection should be made carefully and in conjunction with the disease diagnosis.