Peer-reviewed veterinary case report
Fluoroquinolone resistance in bacteria from dogs with ear infections
By Vingopoulou, Elpida I et al.·Published in Veterinary microbiology·2018·School of Veterinary Medicine·View original on PubMed →
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Original publication title: Prevalence and mechanisms of resistance to fluoroquinolones in Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli isolates recovered from dogs suffering from otitis in Greece.
- Species:
- dog
Plain-English summary
A study found that about one-third to nearly half of the bacteria causing ear infections (otitis) in dogs were resistant to certain antibiotics called fluoroquinolones. This included bacteria like Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Escherichia coli. The newer fluoroquinolone, pradofloxacin, was more effective than the older enrofloxacin, showing better results in lab tests. Resistance was often linked to specific genetic changes in the bacteria, and it appeared that previous use of fluoroquinolones in dogs might have contributed to this resistance. The researchers recommend that vets perform tests to determine which antibiotics will be most effective for treating ear infections in dogs.
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Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence and the implicated mechanisms of resistance against selected veterinary fluoroquinolones (enrofloxacin, marbofloxacin and pradofloxacin) among 101 Pseudomonas aeruginosa (n=75) and Escherichia coli (n=26) isolates collected from dogs suffering from otitis. Resistance ranged from 32.0% to 48.0% with differences not being considered statistically significant among the three agents or between the two bacterial species. However, individual MICs of pradofloxacin, the latest veterinary fluoroquinolone, were significantly lower than those of enrofloxacin, the oldest one, indicating an increased in vitro potency of the former antimicrobial. Pradofloxacin MICwas, additionally, the lowest (8μg/ml), in E. coli, or among the lowest (8μg/ml), in P. aeruginosa isolates. Resistance was in most cases associated with topoisomerase substitutions, with patterns GyrA:V73G in P. aeruginosa and GyrA:S83L+D87N/ParC:S58I+A86V in E. coli being reported for the first time in small animal isolates. Only 6.7% and 15.4% of P. aeruginosa and E. coli otitis isolates, respectively, carried plasmid-mediated quinolone resistance (PMQR) genes, which, moreover, contributed minimally to resistance. Efflux pump activity was additionally detected in resistant E. coli isolates, even those lacking topoisomerase substitutions or PMQR genes. The emergence of resistance in the canine otitis isolates seemed to be associated with previous, prolonged systemic fluoroquinolone administration. In any case, antimicrobial susceptibility testing should guide the selection of systemic FQs for the treatment of canine otitis.
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Search related cases →Original publication on PubMed: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29291992/