Prevalence of(Apicomplexa: Eimeriidae) Oocysts in the Environment of a Gyrfalcon () Breeding Center in the United Arab Emirates.

Abstract

A total of 356 gyrfalcon () fecal, fomite, and environmental samples were collected from a breeding center located in the United Arab Emirates to assess the prevalence ofspecies oocysts in the environment. These included 136 samples (38%) from fomites and fecal samples from chicks at 0 to 10 days old, 29 samples (8%) at 15 days old, 23 samples (6%) at 60 days old, 7 samples (2%) at 67 days old, and 24 samples (7%) at 70 days old. In addition, 105 samples (29%) were collected from the environment of 13 breeding chambers, and 32 samples (9%) from the environment of 17 juvenile falcons. The prevalence ofspecies oocysts in fomites and fecal samples from the chicks had negative results from 10 to 60 days old. However, at 67 and 70 days old, the prevalence increased to 71.42% (5 of 7) and 95.83% (23 of 24), respectively. The prevalence ofspecies in the environment of 13 pairs of falcons housed in 13 breeding chambers was 0.15 oocyst/min the sand, whereas, in the environment of 17 juvenile falcons housed in the free-flying aviary, the prevalence was 0.00086 oocyst/min the sand and 0.15 oocyst/L in contaminated water. These results indicate that oocysts ofspecies may be found in the environment and in areas of poor and substandard hygiene.species is an important protozoon parasite affecting captive falcons maintained in breeding centers and those used for falconry in the Middle East.