Peer-reviewed veterinary case report
Prior antibiotic use raises resistance in dog skin and ear infections
By Zur, Gila et al.·Published in Veterinary dermatology·2016·Veterinary Teaching Hospital·View original on PubMed →
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Original publication title: Prior antimicrobial use as a risk factor for resistance in selected Staphylococcus pseudintermedius isolates from the skin and ears of dogs.
- Species:
- dog
Plain-English summary
A study found that nearly half of the skin and ear infections in dogs caused by Staphylococcus pseudintermedius were resistant to common antibiotics. Dogs that had received certain antibiotics, especially beta-lactams or fluoroquinolones, within the last month were more likely to have these resistant infections. The researchers recommend that veterinarians perform culture and susceptibility testing before treating dogs with a history of multiple antibiotic treatments. This approach helps ensure that the chosen medication will be effective against the specific bacteria causing the infection.
People also search for: dog skin infection treatment · antibiotic resistance in dogs · Staphylococcus pseudintermedius in dogs
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Antimicrobial resistance within bacteria continues to present therapeutic challenges. One presumed risk factor for increased rates of resistance is prior exposure to antimicrobial drugs. OBJECTIVES: To examine the impact of time since most recent exposure, the number of prior antimicrobial exposures and duration of use on antimicrobial resistance rates in Staphylococcus pseudintermedius isolates. METHODS: Inclusion of a case in the study required laboratory isolation of S. pseudintermedius from a clinical specimen. Antibiograms and information regarding prior antimicrobial exposures were extracted from the medical records of dogs diagnosed with pyoderma or otitis externa. RESULTS: Meticillin resistance (MR) was identified in 48.1% of isolates. Recent use of beta-lactam antimicrobials was associated with increased odds of resistance to meticillin (P < 0.001) and fluoroquinolones (P < 0.001). Antimicrobial therapy within 1 month prior to sampling was also associated with MR (60.7%; P = 0.009) and multidrug resistance (61.9%; P = 0.029). The number of prior exposures to beta-lactams or fluoroquinolones were associated with resistance to these same classes (P = 0.001 and 0.02, respectively) and to other antimicrobial classes (P = 0.016 for resistance to fluoroquinolones following treatment with beta-lactams and P = 0.015 for MR following treatment with fluoroquinolones). Longer treatment duration with beta-lactam drugs was associated with higher proportion of MR (P = 0.004). CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL IMPORTANCE: Treatment based upon culture and susceptibility testing is highly recommended for dogs that have received multiple antimicrobial drug exposures or that were treated within the preceding month. This may be especially important when the prior therapeutic regimen included a drug from the beta-lactam or fluoroquinolone classes.
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Search related cases →Original publication on PubMed: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27870236/