Peer-reviewed veterinary case report
Survival factors for cats with feline panleukopenia infection
By Kruse, B D et al.·Published in Journal of veterinary internal medicine·2010·Clinic of Small Animal Medicine, Germany·View original on PubMed →
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Original publication title: Prognostic factors in cats with feline panleukopenia.
- Species:
- cat
Plain-English summary
A group of cats diagnosed with feline panleukopenia, a serious and contagious disease, showed a survival rate of about 51%. The study found that cats with lower white blood cell counts and certain blood chemistry results were more likely to die from the illness. Specifically, cats with fewer than 1,000 white blood cells per microliter had a significantly higher risk of death. The findings suggest that ensuring kittens are vaccinated properly before 12 weeks of age is crucial for preventing this disease.
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Abstract
BACKGROUND: Feline panleukopenia is a highly contagious and often lethal disease. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of the study was to identify prognostic factors for survival of cats with panleukopenia. ANIMALS: Between 1990 and 2007, 244 cats were diagnosed with panleukopenia in the Clinic of Small Animal Medicine, LMU University of Munich, Germany. Diagnosis was established by electron microscopy, polymerase chain reaction of feces or blood, antigen ELISA of feces, pathognomonic histopathological lesions at necropsy, or some combination of these procedures. METHODS: Medical records of each cat were evaluated retrospectively. RESULTS: Survival rate was 51.1%. No significant correlation was found between outcome and living conditions, age, vaccination status (unvaccinated versus one or more vaccines administered), or severity of clinical signs. However, of the vaccinated cats, none had received a vaccine later than 12 weeks of age as a kitten. Nonsurvivors had significantly lower leukocyte and thrombocyte counts at presentation compared with survivors. The relative risk of death for patients with <1,000/μL leukocytes was 1.77 times as high as in patients with a leukocyte count of 1,000-2,500/μL (P=.038), and 1.85 times as high as in patients with >2,500/μL leukocytes (P=.001). The likelihood of a fatal outcome was higher when serum albumin concentration was <30 g/L or serum potassium concentration <4 mmol/L. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL IMPORTANCE: Vaccination strategies that do not include vaccination of kittens beyond 12 weeks of age may not be adequate to prevent panleukopenia. Leukopenia, thrombocytopenia, hypoalbuminemia, and hypokalemia are negative prognostic factors in cats with panleukopenia.
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Search related cases →Original publication on PubMed: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/21039863/