Peer-reviewed veterinary case report
Magnesium levels and survival in cats with kidney disease
By van den Broek, D Hendrik N et al.·Published in Journal of veterinary internal medicine·2018·Department of Clinical Science and Services, United Kingdom·View original on PubMed →
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Original publication title: Prognostic importance of plasma total magnesium in a cohort of cats with azotemic chronic kidney disease.
- Species:
- cat
Plain-English summary
A group of 174 cats with chronic kidney disease (CKD) were studied to see how their magnesium levels affected their health. The research found that low magnesium levels (hypomagnesemia) were linked to higher levels of a protein called FGF23 and an increased risk of death. About 12% of the cats had low magnesium, which made them more likely to pass away from CKD. While high magnesium levels were also noted, they didn't show a clear connection to survival when other factors were considered. Monitoring magnesium levels in cats with CKD could help veterinarians better understand their patients' health risks.
People also search for: cat kidney disease magnesium levels · low magnesium in cats · chronic kidney disease prognosis in cats
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Hypomagnesemia is associated with increased mortality and renal function decline in humans with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Magnesium is furthermore inversely associated with fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23), an important prognostic factor in CKD in cats. However, the prognostic significance of plasma magnesium in cats with CKD is unknown. OBJECTIVES: To explore associations of plasma total magnesium concentration (tMg) with plasma FGF23 concentration, all-cause mortality, and disease progression in cats with azotemic CKD. ANIMALS: Records of 174 client-owned cats with IRIS stage 2-4 CKD. METHODS: Cohort study. Cats with azotemic CKD were identified from the records of two London-based first opinion practices (1999-2013). Possible associations of baseline plasma tMg with FGF23 concentration and risks of death and progression were explored using, respectively, linear, Cox, and logistic regression. RESULTS: Plasma tMg (reference interval, 1.73-2.57 mg/dL) was inversely associated with plasma FGF23 when controlling for plasma creatinine and phosphate concentrations (partial correlation coefficient, -0.50; P < .001). Hypomagnesemia was observed in 12% (20/174) of cats, and independently associated with increased risk of death (adjusted hazard ratio, 2.74; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.35-5.55; P = .005). The unadjusted associations of hypermagnesemia (prevalence, 6%; 11/174 cats) with survival (hazard ratio, 2.88; 95% CI, 1.54-5.38; P = .001), and hypomagnesemia with progressive CKD (odds ratio, 17.7; 95% CI, 2.04-154; P = .009) lost significance in multivariable analysis. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL IMPORTANCE: Hypomagnesemia was associated with higher plasma FGF23 concentrations and increased risk of death. Measurement of plasma tMg augments prognostic information in cats with CKD, but whether these observations are associations or causations warrants further investigation.
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Search related cases →Original publication on PubMed: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29704284/