Prognostic value of packed cell volume and blood glucose concentration in 954 client-owned chelonians.

Abstract

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the prognostic value of PCV and blood glucose concentration in chelonians presented for veterinary care and to develop risk categories on the basis of the interaction of these analytes. ANIMALS: 954 client-owned chelonians (34 genera). PROCEDURES: Medical records of 1,059 client-owned chelonians presented to 2 veterinary institutions between 2014 and 2018 were reviewed. Logistic regression models were developed to evaluate factors associated with death, including PCV and blood glucose concentrations. RESULTS: There were 954 chelonians (34 genera) for which the data required to be included in the analysis were available. Both PCV and blood glucose concentration were significant prognostic indicators of death. Odds of death for chelonians with severe anemia (PCV, < 10%) and moderate anemia (PCV, 11% to 20%) were 6.8 times (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 6.8; 95% CI, 3.8 to 12.3) and 1.6 times (aOR, 1.6; 95% CI, 1.01 to 2.7), respectively, the odds of death for chelonians with PCV within reference range. Odds of death for chelonians with severe hypoglycemia (< 30 mg/dL), moderate hyperglycemia (91 to 150 mg/dL), and severe hyperglycemia (> 181 mg/dL) were 5.3 times (aOR, 5.3; 95% CI; 2.4 to 11.4), 3 times (aOR, 3.0;95% CI, 1.4 to 6.3), and 4.3 times (aOR, 4.3; 95% CI, 2.4 to 7.6), respectively, the odds of death for chelonians with blood glucose concentration within reference range. Five risk categories were identified on the basis of PCV and blood glucose concentration. CONCLUSIONS AND CLINICAL RELEVANCE: Derangements in PCV and blood glucose concentration in client-owned chelonians were associated with increased odds of death. On the basis of these results, more aggressive diagnostic testing and treatments may be indicated in chelonians with similar alterations.