Peer-reviewed veterinary case report
How to evaluate dogs with systemic inflammatory response syndrome?
By Giunti, Massimo et al.·Published in Journal of veterinary emergency and critical care (San Antonio, Tex. : 2001)·2015·From the Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, Italy·View original on PubMed →
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Original publication title: Prospective evaluation of the acute patient physiologic and laboratory evaluation score and an extended clinicopathological profile in dogs with systemic inflammatory response syndrome.
- Species:
- dog
Plain-English summary
A group of 33 dogs with systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) was evaluated in an intensive care unit to understand their condition better. The study found that dogs who survived had higher levels of certain proteins and lower levels of waste products in their blood compared to those who did not survive. The APPLE fast score, which helps assess the severity of their condition, was particularly useful in predicting outcomes. By measuring specific lab values, veterinarians can better determine the health status of dogs with SIRS and make informed treatment decisions.
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Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the prognostic value of the acute patient physiologic and laboratory evaluation (APPLE) score and relevant clinicopathological markers in dogs with systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS). DESIGN: Prospective observational cohort study. SETTING: Veterinary teaching hospital. ANIMALS: Thirty-three dogs with SIRS admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) were compared to 35 healthy control dogs. Dogs with SIRS were divided into septic (n = 20) and nonseptic (n = 13) etiologies and as survivors (alive to discharge, n = 22) and nonsurvivors (n = 11: died, n = 6, or humanely euthanized, n = 5). MEASUREMENTS AND MAIN RESULTS: For all dogs, physiological and laboratory parameters were prospectively collected for the calculation of the APPLE fast score. No difference between septic and nonseptic SIRS dogs was detected for any parameter evaluated. Survivors had significantly higher total protein, albumin concentrations, antithrombin activity (ATA), and base excess (BE), as well as significantly lower lactate, urea, creatinine concentrations, urinary protein to creatinine ratio and APPLE fast score compared to nonsurvivors. Higher values of creatinine, lactate, anion gap, alanine transaminase (ALT), and APPLE fast score were significantly associated with an increased risk of death in SIRS dogs, while higher values of total protein, albumin, ATA, and BE were associated with a significantly reduced risk of mortality. When a multivariate binary logistic regression analysis was performed, the APPLE fast score was the only significant parameter retained. CONCLUSIONS: The determination of the APPLE fast score in clinical setting, as well as the measurement of APP, ATA, lactate, BE, anion gap, ALT, urinary proteins, and electrolytes may be beneficial for a better assessment of dogs with SIRS. Identified parameters were significantly related with the presence of SIRS and their evaluation should be considered for the assessment of disease severity, and guidance of the decision-making process in critically ill dogs.
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Search related cases →Original publication on PubMed: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/25427754/