Peer-reviewed veterinary case report
Babesia gibsoni exoantigen vaccine protects dogs from infection
By Sunaga, Fujiko et al.·Published in Parasitology research·2014·School of Veterinary Medicine, Japan·View original on PubMed →
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Original publication title: Protective efficacy of Babesia gibsoni culture-derived exoantigens against the challenge infection in dogs.
- Species:
- dog
Plain-English summary
Two dogs were given a new vaccine made from proteins derived from the Babesia gibsoni parasite to see if it could protect them from a serious infection. After receiving three shots, these dogs were exposed to the parasite, but they showed much less illness compared to control dogs that did not receive the vaccine. The vaccinated dogs had lower levels of the parasite in their blood and only mild anemia, while the control dogs developed severe anemia and high fevers. This suggests that the vaccine could be a promising option for protecting dogs against Babesia gibsoni infections.
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Abstract
The aim of this study is to determine the efficacy of exoantigens derived from Babesia gibsoni cultures to induce protective immunity against challenge exposure of virulent organisms. An attenuated B. gibsoni Oita strain was maintained in vitro by the microaerophilus stationary phase (MASP) method, and exoantigens-containing supernatant fluids were collected for preparation of the immunization. Two dogs received three subcutaneous immunizations with a 20-day interval of B. gibsoni exoantigens plus 0.5 mg saponin (Quil A). On day 68 after the prime immunization, the immunized dogs and control dogs were challenged intravenously with 2 × 10(8) virulent parasites of a homologous B. gibsoni strain. The results showed that exoantigens could induce a high degree of protection against virulent homologous challenge exposure. Two dogs immunized with exoantigens showed a lower parasitemia, accompanied by a slight decrease in the PCV that returned to normal values. Control dogs developed typical acute clinical signs, including severe anemia and hyperthermia. The immunization elicited humoral immune responses. In dogs immunized with exoantigens, the maximum antibody titer was 2,560 and 5,120 by indirect fluorescent antibody test (IFAT), respectively. Preliminary Western blot analysis of the immunogen revealed five dominant proteins of molecular weights of 18, 37, 43, 50, and 57 kDa. These results suggested that the culture-derived exoantigens were candidates for non-viable vaccine.
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Search related cases →Original publication on PubMed: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/24535736/